git --version
#Tells you which version of git you are running

git config --list
#Tells you what configuration settings you have on git

git config --global user.name "Your name"
#Configures git with your git(hub) username

git config --global user.email "yourname@youremail.com"
#Configures git with your git(hub) user email

git config credential.helper 'cache --timeout=3600'
# Allows passwordless commits for an hour after invokation

edit .git/config with this so that it doesn't ask for gpgkeys:
[commit]
    gpgsign = false

git init
#initializes a new git repository on local machine

git add "your_file(s) here"
#adds your files to the repository

git commit -m
#commits the files

git push --set-upstream https:/github.com/username/repository_name.git master
#pushes the repository online
#you'll be prompted for your username and password at this point

rm -rf .git
#Stops current directory from being tracked by git, essentially removing initalized
#git respository.

touch .gitignore
#creates a .gitignore file that tracks the files within the directory you DON'T want
#included in your git project repository
#note that wildcard and then listing the type of files you want to ignore can ignore all
#files of a specific type, for example
*.py will ignore all python files
*.js will ignore all javascript files, etc.

git reset file_name
#removes the file_name from the files to be committed (opposite of git add)

git reset
#git reset with no parameters given will remove all files from the commit stage

git log
#shows the log of recent commits

git clone <url> <where to clone>
#clones a respotiroy from <url> to <where to clone>
#instead of <url> you can use local directories to clone from one local directory to another
by following <url> or local directory where <where to clone> is simply ".", the period
#indicates that you'd like to clone that respotiroy/directory to the current directory you are in

git remote -v
#lists the origins of the cloned repository

git branch -a
#lists all the branches of the cloned repository

git pull origin master
#pulls any changes that have been made to that git repository while you have
#been addding changes of your own (essentially showing changes other developers
#may have made/pushed to the repository  while you have been working on your own changes)
#note that origin is the name of the repository, and master is the name of the branch

git push origin master
#pushes any changes you have made to the git repository, taking it from the commit
staging area to the final show area on git(hub).

common workflow example:

git branch calc-divide
#creates a git branch called calc-divide

git checkout calc-divide
#changes default working branch to calc-divide (default s usually master)

git branch -d calc-divide
#deletes branch locally

git push origin --delete calc-divide
#deletes branch remotely

#Once changes have been made to various branches, and the project looks like it will
#work well with all other branches/code changes (basically, the project is ready to be staged as a final version)
#the branches are ready to be merged into the master branch and staged on git(hub)
#the following commands allow for such with branch calc-divide:

git checkout master

git pull origin master

git branch --merged

git merge calc-divide

git push origin master